Nonmetal atoms gain electrons to form anions with a negative charge equal to the A group number minus eight. Ion Electron Configurations Metal atoms lose electrons to form cations with a positive charge equal to the group number. Half-filled d subshells are favored if possible (Hund’s Rule) 3dĮxample 5 What family of elements is characterized by having an ns2np3 valence-electron configuration? Group 5A Valence electrons – electrons held in outer shell Core electrons – electrons held in filled inner shellsĮlectron Configurations of Transition Elements ĭ subshell being filled valence electrons - s and p electrons in outermost shell plus electrons in incompletely filled (n - 1)d subshell (n - 1)d orbitals are filled after ns orbitals and before filling np orbitals Valence Electrons Chemically similar behavior occurs among elements within a group in the periodic table. go back and pair electrons with 4, 5 and 6 Hund’s Rule – electrons pair only after each orbital in a subshell is occupied by a single electron C: 1s 2 2s 2 2p2 1sĮlectron Configurations and the Periodic Table.half-fill each orbital with first 3 electrons.for atoms in ground state – electrons occupy energy shells, subshells and orbitals that give the lowest energy for the atom Įlectron Configurations for orbitals with same energy (degenerate) such as the three 2p orbitals. Electron Configuration – complete description of orbitals occupied by all the electrons in an atom
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